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Ground- and ship-based microwave radiometer measurements during EUREC<sup>4</sup>A
oleh: S. Schnitt, A. Foth, H. Kalesse-Los, M. Mech, C. Acquistapace, F. Jansen, U. Löhnert, B. Pospichal, J. Röttenbacher, S. Crewell, B. Stevens
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | Copernicus Publications 2024-01-01 |
Deskripsi
<p>During the <span class="inline-formula">EUREC<sup>4</sup>A</span> field study, microwave radiometric measurements were performed at Barbados Cloud Observatory (BCO) and aboard RV <i>Meteor</i> and RV <i>Maria S Merian</i> in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic. We present retrieved integrated water vapor (IWV), liquid water path (LWP), and temperature and humidity profiles as a unified, quality-controlled, multi-site data set on a 3 s temporal resolution for a core period between 19 January and 14 February 2020 in which all instruments were operational. Multi-channel radiometric measurements were performed at BCO and aboard RV <i>Meteor</i> between 22 and 31 <span class="inline-formula">GHz</span> (K-band) and from 51 to 58 <span class="inline-formula">GHz</span> (V-band). Combined radar–radiometer measurements of a W-band Doppler radar with a single-channel radiometer instrument were conducted at 89 <span class="inline-formula">GHz</span> aboard RV <i>Meteor</i> and RV <i>Maria S Merian</i>. We present a novel retrieval method to retrieve LWP from single-channel 89 <span class="inline-formula">GHz</span> measurements, evaluate retrieved quantities with independent measurements, and analyze retrieval uncertainties by site and instrument intercomparison. Mean IWV conditions of 31.8 <span class="inline-formula">kg m<sup>−2</sup></span> match independent radiosoundings at BCO with a root-mean-square difference of 1.1 <span class="inline-formula">kg m<sup>−2</sup></span>. Mean LWP conditions in confidently liquid cloudy, non-precipitating conditions ranged between 63.1 <span class="inline-formula">g m<sup>−2</sup></span> at BCO and 46.8 <span class="inline-formula">g m<sup>−2</sup></span> aboard RV <i>Maria S Merian</i>. Aboard the ships, 90 % of LWP was below 120 <span class="inline-formula">g m<sup>−2</sup></span> with a 30 % uncertainty for LWP of 50 <span class="inline-formula">g m<sup>−2</sup></span>. Up to 20 % of confidently liquid cloudy profiles ranged below the LWP detection limit due to optically thin clouds.</p> <p>The data set comprises of processed raw data (Level 1), full quality-controlled post-processed instrument data (Level 2), a unified temporal resolution (Level 3), and a ready-to-use multi-site time series of IWV and LWP (Level 4), available to the public via AERIS (<span class="uri">https://doi.org/10.25326/454##v2.0</span>; <span class="cit" id="xref_altparen.1"><a href="#bib1.bibx48">Schnitt et al.</a>, <a href="#bib1.bibx48">2023</a><a href="#bib1.bibx48">a</a></span>). The data set complements the airborne LWP measurements conducted during <span class="inline-formula">EUREC<sup>4</sup>A</span> and provides a unique benchmark tool for satellite evaluation and model–observation studies.</p>