Core–Shell Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C Nanoparticles for the Organic Dye Adsorption and Targeted Magneto-Mechanical Destruction of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells

oleh: Oxana S. Ivanova, Irina S. Edelman, Chun-Rong Lin, Evgeniy S. Svetlitsky, Alexey E. Sokolov, Kirill A. Lukyanenko, Alexander L. Sukhachev, Nikolay P. Shestakov, Ying-Zhen Chen, Aleksandr A. Spivakov

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2022-12-01

Deskripsi

The morphology, structure, and magnetic properties of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C nanoparticles, as well their effectiveness for organic dye adsorption and targeted destruction of carcinoma cells, were studied. The nanoparticles exhibited a high magnetic saturation value (79.4 and 63.8 emu/g, correspondingly) to facilitate magnetic separation. It has been shown that surface properties play a key role in the adsorption process. Both types of organic dyes—cationic (Rhodomine C) and anionic (Congo Red and Eosine)—were well adsorbed by the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles’ surface, and the adsorption process was described by the polymolecular adsorption model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 58, 22, and 14 mg/g for Congo Red, Eosine, and Rhodomine C, correspondingly. In this case, the kinetic data were described well by the pseudo-first-order model. Carbon-coated particles selectively adsorbed only cationic dyes, and the adsorption process for Methylene Blue was described by the Freundlich model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 14 mg/g. For the case of Rhodomine C, the adsorption isotherm has a polymolecular character with a maximum adsorption capacity of 34 mg/g. To realize the targeted destruction of the carcinoma cells, the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C nanoparticles were functionalized with aptamers, and an experiment on the Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma cells’ destruction was carried out successively using a low-frequency alternating magnetic field. The number of cells destroyed as a result of their interaction with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field was 27%, compared with the number of naturally dead control cells of 6%.