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Pseudo-Prolines (?Pro) consist of (4S)-oxazolidine- and (4R)-thiazolidine-carboxylic acids derived from amino acids Ser, Thr and Cys. They represent new branched proline analogues in which variation of the substituents (R1, R2, R3) results in different physicochemical and conformational properties. We summarise here the relevant chemical and structural aspects of such super-prolines intended to constrain and control the peptide backbone in ?-turn motifs or to alter the imide cis-trans ratio.