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L-tryptophan (L-trp), produced through bio-manufacturing, is widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Based on the previously developed L-trp-producing strain, this study significantly improved the titer and yield of L-trp, through metabolic engineering of the shikimate pathway and the L-tryptophan branch. First, the rate-limiting steps in the shikimate pathway were investigated and deciphered, revealing that the combined overexpression of the genes <i>aroE</i> and <i>aroD</i> increased L-trp production. Then, L-trp synthesis was further enhanced at the shaking flask level by improving the intracellular availability of L-glutamine (L-gln) and L-serine (L-ser). In addition, the transport system and the competing pathway of L-trp were also modified, indicating that elimination of the gene <i>TnaB</i> contributed to the extracellular accumulation of L-trp. Through optimizing formulas, the robustness and production efficiency of engineered strains were enhanced at the level of the 30 L fermenter. After 42 h of fed-batch fermentation, the resultant strain produced 53.65 g/L of L-trp, with a yield of 0.238 g/g glucose. In this study, the high-efficiency L-trp-producing strains were created in order to establish a basis for further development of more strains for the production of other highly valuable aromatic compounds or their derivatives.