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Discovery of x-ray and using of it for medical imaging produce tremendous outcomes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Nowadays, more than 10 million diagnostic radiological procedures are perform around the world. Despite of unique benefits of ionizing radiations, in the field of radiation protection, they are associated with potential risks such as cancer and genetically abnormalities. It is estimated that radiation dose from diagnostic x-ray procedures are annually responsible for 7,587 and 5,695 cases of radiation induced cancer in the population of Japan and united states of America, respectively. Although the radiation dose associated with most radiological procedures are very low, but rapid increasing of x-ray procedures during two past decades and also reports of the substantial fraction of patients undergoing multiple x-ray procedures have been concerned due to the deterministic and stochastic effects of ionizing radiations. According to the recommendations of the radiation protection regulatory organizations, radiological procedure must be done with respect to social and economic factors in which exposure of patient and population kept as low as reasonable and achievable. Obtain to the desirable image quality associated with reduce radiation dose to patients is the aim of any diagnostic x-ray procedure. Correctly use of various factors such as collimating the primary beam to the region of diagnostic interest, optimal exposure parameters (high Kvp and low MAS), using of techniques and views that are desirable to reach higher radiation protection, reducing exposure time and shielding can reduce the patients' exposure besides the saving of image quality. Accurately following of the recommended protection instructions considerably decrease the exposure risks.