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Objective To analyze the risk factors for venous thromboembolism event (VTE) in patients with advanced lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods A total of 320 patients with advanced lung cancer treated with ICIs at the department of medical oncology of Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from June 2018 to October 2021 were collected and retrospectively reviewed. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosed by ultrasound or computed tomography from the first dose of ICIs treatment to the end of observation time. The patients were divided into VTE group (n=31) and non-VTE group (n=289), the clinical data of the two groups were compared, and independent risk factors for VTE were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results The incidence of VTE was 9.69%. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, proportions of patients with diabetes mellitus, Caprini score (≥5), D-dimer(≥0.5 mg/L) and the levels of IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α between the VTE group and the non-VTE group (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the Caprini score ≥5 (OR=4.236, 95%CI: 1.754~10.231, P=0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.801, 95%CI: 1.008~7.784, P=0.048), and TNF-α >12.8 pg/mL (OR=14.178, 95%CI: 5.588~35.973, P < 0.001) were the independent risk factors for VTE. Conclusion Caprini score (≥5), diabetes mellitus and TNF-α (> 12.8 pg/mL) are the independent risk factors for VTE in patients with advanced lung cancer after the treatment of ICIs.