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This article addresses various properties and different methods of estimation of the unknown Transmuted Rayleigh (TR) distribution parameters from a frequentist point of view. Although our main focus is on estimation, various mathematical and statistical properties of the TR distribution (such as quantiles, moments, moment generating function, conditional moments, hazard rate, mean residual lifetime, mean past lifetime, mean deviation about mean and median, the stochastic ordering, various entropies, stress-strength parameter, and order statistics) are derived. We briefly describe different methods of estimation such as maximum likelihood, method of moments, percentile based estimation, least squares, method of maximum product of spacings, method of Cramér-von-Mises, methods of Anderson-Darling and right-tail Anderson-Darling, and compare them using extensive simulations studies. Finally, the potentiality of the model is studied using two real data sets. Bias, standard error of the estimates, and bootstrap percentile confidence intervals are obtained by bootstrap resampling.