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The article examines the life and scientifi c heritage of French Biblical scolar R. Simon (1638–1712). Unappreciated in certain time Simon in his works had off ered such an approach to the study of the Holy Scripture, which assumed the strict diff erentiation of spheres of the critique use, taken as historical-philological analysis, and theological interpretation, which must agree with the Church Tradition. The critique and the theological interpretation can and must coexist in peace, and namely their common and organic use supply the biblical studies with the churchism on the one hand, and high scientifi c level — on the other.