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<p>In the present study, a series of ten substituted (<em>E</em>)-1-benzylidene-2-(3-nitrophenyl)hydrazine compounds have been synthesized by condensation of  3-nitrophenylhydrazine with various substituted benzaldehydes using SiO₂-H₃PO₄ catalyst under solvent free condition. This method involves shorter reaction time (5-10 minutes) with excellent yield (80-90%). The structures of the synthesized (<em>E</em>)-1-benzylidene-2-(3-nitrophenyl)hydrazines have been characterized by their physical constants, UV, FT-IR and NMR spectral data. The characterized UV, FT-IR and NMR spectral data have been correlated with Hammett constants using single-linear and multi-linear regression analysis. From the results of single-linear and multi-linear regression analysis the effect of substituents on the spectral data have been discussed.  The antimicrobial activities of all the (<em>E</em>)-1-benzylidene-2-(3-nitrophenyl)hydrazine compounds have been tested using Bauer-Kirby method.</p><p> </p><p>DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v8i5.865">http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v8i5.865</a></p><p> </p> <p class="orbitalabstract"><strong> </strong></p>