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Analyzed the quality and its influence factors of relative orientation of vehicle-based sequence images by comparing with the result obtained from Position & Orientation System using Direct Geo-referencing. Studies have shown that, under normal circumstances, the image Relative Orientation based on Computer vision is more robust, and under special conditions, it is more practical for analyzing and increasing the quality of vision measurement. Besides these, the method can be borrowed by many surveying and mapping related fields, taking indoor robot mobile environment awareness and unmanned automobile for instance.