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Cerium oxide nanoparticles (<i>n</i>CeO₂) have a wide variety of applications in industry. Models demonstrated that <i>n</i>CeO₂ can reach environmental compartments. Studies regarding the relationships between plants and <i>n</i>CeO₂ considered only crop species, whereas a relevant knowledge gap exists regarding wild plant species. Specimens of <i>Silene flos-cuculi</i> (<i>Caryophyllaceae</i>) were grown in greenhouse conditions in a substrate amended with a single dose (D1) and two and three doses (D2 and D3) of 20 mg kg⁻¹ and 200 mg kg⁻¹<i>n</i>CeO₂ suspensions, respectively. sp-ICP-MS and ICP-MS data demonstrated that <i>n</i>CeO₂ was taken up by plant roots and translocated towards aerial plant fractions. Biometric variables showed that plants responded negatively to the treatments with a shortage in biomass of roots and stems. Although not at relevant concentrations, Ce was accumulated mainly in roots and plant leaves.