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BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM WASTE ANIMAL FAT USING A NOVEL CATALYST HCA IMMOBILIZED AuNPS AMINE GRAFTED SBA-15
oleh: GOKUL RAGHAVENDRA SRINIVASAN, SHALINI PALANI, RANJITHA JAMBULINGAM
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | Taylor's University 2018-08-01 |
Deskripsi
The fleshings produced during the pre-tanning process in tanneries and animal wastes generated from slaughterhouse are causing serious environmental concern because of improper disposal techniques. The fats extracted from these wastes were used as feedstock for the production of biodiesel, which serves as an alternate for conventional diesel fuel because of their sustainability. The use of these animal fats ruled out the issues over the “food vs. fuel” conflict, as edible feedstocks were used in the production of biodiesel earlier. This work deals with the production of biodiesel from waste animal fats by the means of methanolbased transesterification using nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst. A maximum fat recovery of 85% was achieved by the means of autoclave heat treatment method. The refining of fat was carried out through acid degumming, where orthophosphoric acid was mixed with the fat to remove the phospholipids as residues. Pretreatment of the extracted fat was done using glycerolysis, where the FFA % of these fats was reduced from 7% to 0.25% with a recorded efficiency of 96.4%. N catalyzed transesterification was carried out by investigating various operating parameters like oil/alcohol molar ratio, catalyst concentration, temperature and reaction time and optimizing them. The optimized process parameters produced a maximum yield of 94% biodiesel. The synthesized novel catalyst - HCA immobilized AuNPS AMINE grafted SBA-15 was characterized using spectral data. Besides, the residual glycerol is defined as a value-added product to meet its application in the glycerolysis process as a reactant.