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Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication using visible light communication (VLC) technology under fog conditions is presented. Fog is known as one of the most detrimental atmospheric conditions that causes outdoor optical wireless communications to be unreliable. The effect of the fog conditions is experimentally analyzed in the VLC-based V2V system. Recognizing the least attenuation coefficient and a taillight color of a vehicle, a red light-emitting diode (LED) was employed in the experiment. In addition, a Fresnel lens and multiple photodiodes are utilized to efficiently counteract the impairment caused by fog. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed VLC-based V2V system offers a reliable V2V data transmission over the fog-impaired optical channel with a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), even under a heavy-fog condition.