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Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a category of syndromes from vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) to vascular dementia (VaD). It is manifested as impairment of memory, executive function, language and visuospatial ability, which has a serious impact on society, family and individual quality of life. Neuropsychological evaluation is an important basis for the current diagnosis of VCI, observation of curative effect and evaluation of disease outcome. This article reviews the research progress of VCI neuropsychological evaluation from the perspective of VCI neuropsychological characteristics and commonly used evaluation tools.