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Fruit flies in the family Tephritidae are well known as economically important pests of edible fruits and can often cause serious damage and losses to both agriculture and the economy. One of the common parasitoids of fruit flies, <i>Aceratoneuromyia</i> <i>indica</i> (Silvestri), has been used in biological programs. However, the biocontrol utilities of parasitoids are impeded by the difficulties of proper identification. Species of the genus <i>Aceratoneuromyia</i> Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), usually developed as parasitoids of fruit flies, are studied here. <i>Trjapitzinichus</i> Kostjukov and Kosheleva is proposed as a new synonym under <i>Aceratoneuromyia</i>. Three new species of <i>Aceratoneuromyia</i>, <i>A. bilinis</i> Huangfu and Cao sp. nov., <i>A. carinata</i> Cao and Zhu sp. nov., and <i>A. trilinus</i> Cao and Zhu sp. nov., are described and illustrated from China. <i>Aceratoneuromyia indica</i> is also treated here with diagnosis and illustrations. DNA barcodes of <i>A. bilinis</i> and <i>A. indica</i> and a key to the world species of <i>Aceratoneuromyia</i> are provided. This study provided important identification information of parasitoids with morphology and molecular evidence, which is useful for imperative needs regarding the identity of parasitoids attacking fruit flies.