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<span><strong>Background: </strong><span>Acinetobacter baumannii as one of the causes of nosocomial infections has become<br /><span>resistant to almost all antimicrobial agents. The emergence of resistance to carbapenems, one of<br /><span>the last drugs on the shelf, is the major concern about A. baumannii antimicrobial resistance.<br /><span>Resistance to carbapenems is mediated by production of class B and D carbapenemases. The aim<br /><span>of this study was to detect the resistance genes including bla <span>OXA-23, 24, 51, <span>and <span>58 <span>in A. baumannii<br /><span>isolates from nosocomial infections in Isfahan hospitals.<br /><span><strong>Methods: </strong><span>A total number of 456 clinical specimens were collected from nosocomial infections and<br /><span>evaluated in order to isolate A. baumannii strains. After identification of the isolates, the antibiotic<br /><span>sensitivity to carbapenems was assessed using disk diffusion method. The resistance genes of bla<br /><span>OXA-23, 24, 51, <span>and <span>58 <span>were detected by multiplex PCR method.<br /><span><strong>Results: </strong><span>Fifty A. baumannii isolates were isolated from clinical specimens. Fifty two percent of<br /><span>the isolates showed phenotypic resistance to the carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem).<br /><span>According to PCR results, 88% of resistant isolates had ≥1 bla <span>OXA <span>gene. The frequency of resistant<br /><span>isolates bearing bla <span>OXA-23<span>, bla <span>OXA-24 <span>and bla <span>OXA-58 <span>were 77%, 38% and 15% respectively.<br /><span><strong>Conclusions</strong><span>: This study showed the high frequency of carbapenem resistance genes among A.<br /><span>baumannii isolates. Therefore, adopting an appropriate strategy to confine the spreading of these<br /><span>strains and also implementing new treatment regimens are necessary.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>