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Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic of quinolone group and its usage frequency for inpatients increases day by day. Reported side effects for this antibiotic include nausea, vomiting, stomachache, headache, hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, anemia, arthralgia, myalgia and tendon rupture. Solely, side effects regarding electrolyte imbalance are rarely reported. Since an infiltration in the right basal region of the lung was found on chest X-ray, prophylactic moxifloxacin was started. The plasma sodium (Na) level of the patient decreased to 129 (135-145) mEq/L on the fifth day of the treatment while the potassium (K) level increased to 5,8 mmol/L on the fifth day of the treatment. When blood and urine culture test results came out as negative, moxifloxacin treatment was discontinued on its 5th day. Three days after the discontinuation, Na and K levels reached to normal levels. This situation made us think that hyperkalemia and hyponatremia occurred as a side effect of moxifloxacin treatment. If hyponatremia and/or hyperkalemia occurs during treatment of moxifloxacin, adverse effects must be thought and the treatment must be discontinued immediately.