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The cardiovascular implications of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The purpose of this review was to conduct a bibliographic search regarding the correlation between NAFLD and the echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular diastolic function. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase for original research data reporting on the association of NAFLD with diastolic function markers [E/e′, left atrial volume index (LAVi), left ventricular mass index (LVMi)]. Meta-analysis was performed using the meta and dmetar packages in R studio v.1.4.1106, with <i>p</i> < 0.05 values being considered significant. Results are expressed as the standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous variables and as the odds ratio (OR) for categorical variables, with respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity between studies was expressed with index Ι². From the preliminary search, 2619 articles were found from which 31 studies were included in the final statistical analysis. The meta-analysis of 8 studies which reported on the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction showed that it was increased in patients with NAFLD (OR: 2.07, 95% CI 1.24–3.44 with <i>p</i> = 0.01, I²: 80% with <i>p</i> < 0.01). The meta-analysis of 21 studies showed significantly higher E/e′ in NAFLD patients (SMD 1.02, 95% CI 0.43–1.61 with <i>p</i> < 0.001, I²: 97% with <i>p</i> < 0.001). Individuals with NAFLD had increased LAVi (SMD: 0.87, 95% CI 0.38–1.37 with <i>p</i> < 0.001, I²: 96% with <i>p</i> < 0.001) and LVMi (SMD: 0.89, 95% CI 0.31–1.48 with <i>p</i> = 0.003, I²: 100% with <i>p</i> < 0.001). To conclude, in the meta-analysis of 31 observational studies, NAFLD patients were found to have affected left ventricular diastolic function, supporting the hypothesis of NAFLD being associated with HFpEF.