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In the process of tracheal extubation following general anesthesia, mechanical stimulation of sputum suction and extubation will not only cause airway reactions, such as cough and bronchospasm, but also provoke hemodynamic fluctuations, such as hypertension, tachycardia and arrhythmia, which will lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents and even life-threatening events. At present, multiple methods have been employed to reduce the incidence of tracheal extubation response, including medication, such as use of opioids, local anesthetics and vasodilators, as well as laryngeal mask replacement and acupuncture with percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, etc. In this article, the research progresses on different measures to prevent tracheal extubation response during the recovery of general anesthesia were reviewed.