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A compound cavity was proposed to achieve both whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing and random lasing. The WGM-random compound cavity consisted of a random structure with an annular boundary, which was fabricated by a method combining both inkjet printing and metal-assisted chemical etching methods. An ultrathin polymer membrane was attached to the WGM-random compound cavity, forming a polymer laser device. A transformation from WGM lasing to random lasing was observed under optical pumping conditions. The laser performance could be easily tailored by changing the parameter of the WGM-random compound cavity. These results provide a new avenue for the design of integrated light sources for sensing applications.