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Systematic Trends in Hybrid-DFT Computations of BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub>, PbTiO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub> and PbZrO<sub>3</sub>/SrZrO<sub>3</sub> (001) Hetero Structures
oleh: Roberts I. Eglitis, Sergei Piskunov, Anatoli I. Popov, Juris Purans, Dmitry Bocharov, Ran Jia
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-11-01 |
Deskripsi
We performed predictive hybrid-DFT computations for PbTiO<sub>3</sub>, BaTiO<sub>3</sub>, SrTiO<sub>3</sub>, PbZrO<sub>3</sub> and SrZrO<sub>3</sub> (001) surfaces, as well as their BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub>, PbTiO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub> and PbZrO<sub>3</sub>/SrZrO<sub>3</sub> (001) heterostructures. According to our hybrid-DFT computations for BO<sub>2</sub> and AO-terminated ABO<sub>3</sub> solid (001) surfaces, in most cases, the upper layer ions relax inwards, whereas the second layer ions shift upwards. Our hybrid-DFT computed surface rumpling <i>s</i> for the BO<sub>2</sub>-terminated ABO<sub>3</sub> perovskite (001) surfaces almost always is positive and is in a fair agreement with the available LEED and RHEED experiments. Computed B-O atom chemical bond population values in the ABO<sub>3</sub> perovskite bulk are enhanced on its BO<sub>2</sub>-terminated (001) surfaces. Computed surface energies for BO<sub>2</sub> and AO-terminated ABO<sub>3</sub> perovskite (001) surfaces are comparable; thus, both (001) surface terminations may co-exist. Our computed ABO<sub>3</sub> perovskite bulk Γ-Γ band gaps are in fair agreement with available experimental data. BO<sub>2</sub> and AO-terminated (001) surface Γ-Γ band gaps are always reduced with regard to the respective bulk band gaps. For our computed BTO/STO and PTO/STO (001) interfaces, the average augmented upper-layer atom relaxation magnitudes increased by the number of augmented BTO or PTO (001) layers and always were stronger for TiO<sub>2</sub>-terminated than for BaO or PbO-terminated upper layers. Our B3PW concluded that BTO/STO, as well as SZO/PZO (001) interface Γ-Γ band gaps, very strongly depends on the upper augmented layer BO<sub>2</sub> or AO-termination but considerably less so on the number of augmented (001) layers.