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Fatty-acid-based nitroalkenes have recently received great attention because of their bioactivities. On the contrary, peptide- or amino-acid-based nitroalkenes have been scarcely explored so far, although they may exhibit interesting biological properties, for example, as enzyme inhibitors. In this work, we study protocols for the efficient synthesis of nitroalkenes based on natural amino acids. A variety of <i>N</i>-protected amino alcohols and Weinreb amides, derived from α-amino acids, were converted to the corresponding <i>N</i>-protected amino aldehydes, and, through a Henry reaction with nitroalkanes, produced the corresponding nitro alcohols. The subsequent elimination reaction led to the (<i>E</i>)-isomer of amino-acid-based nitroalkenes in moderate to high yields.