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As one of the most important future clean energy sources, natural gas hydrate (NGH) is attracting widespread attention due to the vast reserves available and high energy density. How to extract this source in a safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly manner has become the key to the commercial utilization of its resources. This paper reviews the recent advances in the study of the fundamental reservoir properties of offshore NGH, summarizing the methods and technologies for testing the sedimentary properties of reservoirs, analyzing the characteristics in reservoir mechanics, electrics, thermodynamics, and fluid dynamics, and discusses the influence of reservoir fundamental properties on NGH exploitation. The aim is to provide guidance and reference for research on the exploitation of NGH in different target exploitation areas offshore.