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Campylobacter is the primary cause of bacterial diarrhoeal illness in the developed world with an estimated 2-3 million Campylobacter-related illnesses occurring in the United States per year. Campylobacter jejuni can cause a spectrum of disease including gastroenteritis, proctitis, septicaemia, meningitis, abortion and autoimmune diseases such as Reiter’s arthritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The association of Campylobacter with poultry (e.g. chickens, turkeys, ducks, and geese) has been known for the last 30 years). In this review we will present the biology of this organism as presented for the last two decades and also the connection between Campylobacter jejuni and farm animals.