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Non-Composted Chinaberry (<i>Melia azedarach</i> L.) Sawdust Mixtures as Growth Medium for Okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> (L.) Moench)
oleh: Muhammad Yasin, Hassan Noorani, Farhan Anwar, Manahil Siddiqui, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar, Christian Andreasen
| Format: | Article |
|---|---|
| Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-03-01 |
Deskripsi
Sawdust as a soilless growth substrate for plants is becoming popular in greenhouse production. However, fresh sawdust often requires time for decomposition before it is ready for use as a growth substrate. We studied whether amendments of banana peels (as a source of potassium), eggshells (as a source of calcium), and urea (as a source of nitrogen) in non-composted fresh chinaberry (<i>Melia azedarach</i>) sawdust could enhance its potential as a growth medium. In two pot experiments, the growth of okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> (L.) Moench) was evaluated using mixtures of non-composted <i>M. azedarach</i> sawdust. The treatments were: (T<sub>1</sub>) 100% soil (control) (vol/vol); (T<sub>2</sub>) 100% <i>M. azedarach</i> sawdust (vol/vol); (T<sub>3</sub>) 80% <i>M. azedarach</i> sawdust +20% banana peel (vol/vol); (T<sub>4</sub>) 60% <i>M. azedarach</i> sawdust +20% banana peel +20% eggshell (vol/vol); and (T<sub>5</sub>) 60% <i>M. azedarach</i> sawdust +20% banana peel +20% eggshell (vol/vol) +91 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> (urea). There was no significant difference between the treatments regarding seed germination and okra emergence, but leaf area, chlorophyll content index, plant biomass, number of pods per plant<sup>−1</sup>, fresh pods, and dry weight were significantly lower in pots with fresh sawdust mixtures. Organic amendments of banana peels and eggshells improved the sawdust substrate. Adding a further 91 kg N hectare<sup>−1</sup> improved the growth but was insufficient to produce the same yield of okra as in non-fertilized sandy clay loam soil. We cannot exclude that non-composted <i>M. azedarach</i> sawdust may be a potential growth substrate for okra, but the amendments added were not enough to obtain the same yields as when okra was grown in soil.