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<p><strong>Objective </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cyclophosphamide in the treatment of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and thymoma.  <strong>Methods</strong> Ninety-five MG patients with thymoma were selected, and 60 of them were finally involved in the study. Patients were given low or median dose of cyclophosphamide (0.20 g intravenously per day, twice a week), and the dose was gradually increased to 0.80 g intravenously per week. When the total dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 and 10 g, the drug efficacy was respectively assessed by Clinical Absolute Score (CAS) and Clinical Relative Score (CRS). Adverse events were also recorded. <strong>Results</strong> Compared with the score before treatment (19.65 ± 8.90), the CAS after 6 g (13.73 ± 8.63) and 10 g (10.58 ± 8.11) cyclophosphamide treatment were significantly lower than that of before treatment (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, for all). The drug efficacy of the treatment was 73.33% (44/60) and 81.67% (49/60) when the total dose reached 6 and 10 g, respectively. No serious adverse reactions occurred.  <strong>Conclusions</strong> Cyclophosphamide is an effective and safe treatment for post-thymectomized patients with myasthenia gravis and thymoma. Further follow-up and study is still needed to evaluate the long-term outcome.</p><p> </p><p><strong>doi: </strong>10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.10.010</p>