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Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant tumour of the serosal membranes lining the pleural cavity, which has been linked with the occupational exposure to asbestos fibres; however, it rarely occurs in individuals not exposed to these fibres. In this regard, fluoroedenite (FE) fibres have been linked to increased mortality from pleural mesothelioma in Biancavilla, a town of eastern Sicily (Italy). These fibres are similar in size and morphology to amphibolic asbestos fibres and have been used as a building material for road paving and buildings in the town of Biancavilla and countries nearby. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in a cohort of patients affected by MPM; taking into consideration its suggested independent prognostic role in asbestos related MPM, the possible correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patients outcomes was also evaluated.