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In this work, for the first time the results of studying the microstructure of manganese dioxide nanoparticles stabilized with sulfur-containing amino acids are presented. According to the results of scanning electron microscopy, nanoparticles with a diameter of 15-30 nm were presented in the samples. The optimal mass ratios of precursors were established by means of spectrophotometry, to obtain stable sols of manganese dioxide nanoparticles. The optimal mass ratios were: KMnO4 : methionine – 1:1 and KMnO4 : cysteine – 3:1. Investigation of the effect of the medium active acidity on the stability of manganese dioxide nanoparticles showed that MnO2 samples obtained with methionine are stable at 4≤pH≤11, and with cysteine – at 5≤pH≤8.