Response of ionospheric electric fields to variations in the interplanetary magnetic field

oleh: S. P. Mishra, E. Nielsen

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Copernicus Publications

Deskripsi

The STARE system (Scandinavian Twin Auroral Radar Experiment) provides estimates of electron drift velocities, and hence also of the electric field in the high-latitude E-region ionosphere between 65 and 70 degrees latitude. The occurrence of drift velocities larger than about 400 m/s (equivalent to an electric field of 20 mV/m) have been correlated with the magnitude of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) components <i>B<sub>z</sub></i> and <i>B<sub>y</sub></i> at all local times. Observation days have been considered during which both southward (<i>B<sub>z</sub></i><0) and northward (<i>B<sub>z</sub></i>>0) IMF occurred. The occurrence of electric fields larger than 20 mV/m increases with increases in <i>B<sub>z</sub></i> magnitudes when <i>B<sub>z</sub></i><0. It is found that the effects of southward IMF continue for some time following the northward turnings of the IMF. In order to eliminate such residual effects for <i>B<sub>z</sub></i><0, we have, in the second part of the study, considered those days which were characterized by a pure northward IMF. The occurrence is considerably lower during times when <i>B<sub>z</sub></i>>0, than during those when <i>B<sub>z</sub></i> is negative. These results are related to the expansion and contraction of the auroral oval. The different percentage occurrences of large electric field for <i>B<sub>y</sub></i>>0 and <i>B<sub>y</sub></i><0 components of the IMF during times when <i>B<sub>z</sub></i>>0, clearly display a dawn-dusk asymmetry of plasma flow in the ionosphere. The effects of the time-varying solar-wind speed, density, IMF fluctuations, and magnetospheric substorms on the occurrence of auroral-backscatter observations are also discussed.