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The AT-hook motif nuclear localized (<i>AHL</i>) gene family is a highly conserved transcription factor critical for the growth, development, and stress tolerance of plants. However, the function of the <i>AHL</i> gene family in <i>Brassica rapa</i> (<i>B. rapa</i>) remains unclear. In this study, 42 <i>AHL</i> family members were identified from the <i>B. rapa</i> genome and mapped to nine <i>B. rapa</i> chromosomes. Two clades have formed in the evolution of the <i>AHL</i> gene family. The results showed that most products encoded by <i>AHL</i> family genes are located in the nucleus. Gene duplication was common and expanded the <i>BrAHL</i> gene family. According to the analysis of <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements, the genes interact with stress responses (osmotic, cold, and heavy metal stress), major hormones (abscisic acid), and light responses. In addition, the expression profiles revealed that <i>BrAHL</i> genes are widely expressed in different tissues. <i>BrAHL16</i> was upregulated at 4 h under drought stress, highly expressed under cadmium conditions, and downregulated in response to cold conditions. <i>BrAHL02</i> and <i>BrAHL24</i> were upregulated at the initial time point and peaked at 12 h under cold and cadmium stress, respectively. Notably, the interactions between <i>AHL</i> genes and proteins under drought, cold, and heavy metal stresses were observed when predicting the protein-protein interaction network.