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The process of colonization of the region of Mato Grosso is linked to the process of establishment of reservationa (confinement) in the locus now known as south of Mato Grosso do Sul. The war daily fought between landowners and indigenous on account of the demarcation of territories claimed by Kaiowá, Guarani and Terena, in our view, cannot be dissociated from the macro-sociological and diachronic context of development of the southern region of the young state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In this scenario, the Indigenous Land of Panambizinho, yet to be regulated, apparently isn’t excused from problems that come from State deeds, given that the means of living destined to the Kaiowá are inhuman. As continuation to the research initiated in 2008, this article contributes through field work to broader discussions about indigenous societies and public policies, having as thread the experience the Kaiowá from Panambizinho had with the governmental iniciative entitled "Carteira Indígena", the arrival of ecological stoves by UNDP and the propositions from the Second Indigenous’ Mental Health Seminar that occurred in Dourados.