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The epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) in some tumor cells are significant targets for drug discovery. In this work, we have developed an EGFR cell membrane chromatography and online high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry system for screening active component from Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati. As a result, resveratrol from Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati was found to be the active component acting on EGFR like gefitinib. There was a good relationship between their inhibiting effects on EGFR secretion and HEK293 EGFR cell growth in vitro. The EGFR/CMC-online-HPLC/MS system demonstrated fast and effective characteristics for screening leading compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.