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Aripiprazole (ARP) is an atypical neuroleptic used in the therapy of mental diseases such as schizophrenia. The lack of optimal adherence to an oral therapy regime creates the basis for designing ARP long-acting injections. This study aimed to use 105 °C hot melt extrusion (HME) as a formulation method for rods based on poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d,l</span>-lactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide-<i>co</i>-trimethylene carbonate) with a molecular weight (<i>M_n</i>) of 21 kDa (T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d,l</span> 21), poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide-<i>co</i>-trimethylene carbonate) with a <i>M_n</i> of 59 kDa (T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span> 59), and with a <i>M_n</i> of 77 kDa (T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span> 77). The following methods were involved in the research: NMR, DSC, XRD, HSM, FTIR, GPC, SEM, and mechanical tests. HME at 105 °C (i) ensured flow behavior for terpolymers, (ii) did not influence the terpolymers’ composition and (iii) the polymorph changes of ARP, and (iv) resulted in the changes in terpolymers’ <i>M_n</i>. For the rods with ARP based on T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d,l</span> 21 (T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d,l</span> 21 rod-ARP) and T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span> 59 (T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span> 59 rod-ARP), plasticization was noted. No drug–terpolymer interactions were revealed. No pores were observed on the surface. Due to its high flexibility and rubber character, T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d,l</span> 21 rod-ARP may be proposed for intramuscular administration, whereas T<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span> 59 rod-ARP, due to its higher strength and moderate stiffness, is proposed for subcutaneous administration.