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In highland pastures, grazing is a common method for managing sheep due to the abundance of grassland resources. However, it is easy for sheep to encounter situations such as stray, deviation and attacks from natural enemies; therefore, the remote monitoring of sheep in the highland pastures is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper proposes a mid-infrared sheep segmentation method based on the multi-level region fusion maximum between-class variance algorithm, i.e., OTSU algorithm, for sheep surveillance. First, a mean adjustment OTSU algorithm is designed to better distinguish the interference areas in the background. Second, the Butterworth high-pass filter is combined with the mean adjustment OTSU segmentation algorithm to remove the high-brightness interference areas in the background with slow gray intensity changes. Finally, after filtering out the large area background and small stray point, the two processed results above are fused with the AND logical operation to obtain a final segmentation result. Our algorithm is evaluated using three objective evaluation indicators: the root mean square error (<i>RMSE</i>), structural similarity index metric (<i>SSIM</i>), and peak signal to noise ratio (<i>PSNR</i>). The <i>RMSE</i>, <i>SSIM</i>, <i>PSNR</i> of highland wetland image are 0.43187, 0.99526, and 29.16353. The <i>RMSE</i>, <i>SSIM</i>, <i>PSNR</i> of sandy land image are 0.87472, 0.98388, and 23.87430. The <i>RMSE</i>, <i>SSIM</i>, <i>PSNR</i> of grassland image are 0.65307, 0.99437, and 30.33159. The results show that our algorithm can meet the requirements for the mid-infrared sheep segmentation in highland pastures.