Find in Library
Search millions of books, articles, and more
Indexed Open Access Databases
NRP1 and Furin as Putative Mediators of SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Human Brain Cells?
per: Ashutosh Kumar, Ashutosh Kumar, Ravi K. Narayan, Ravi K. Narayan, Sujeet Kumar, Sujeet Kumar, Vikas Pareek, Vikas Pareek, Chiman Kumari, Chiman Kumari, Rakesh K. Jha, Rakesh K. Jha, Pranav Prasoon, Pranav Prasoon
Format: | Article |
---|---|
Publicat: | Mary Ann Liebert 2022-10-01 |
Descripció
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has prominent neurological manifestations, including psychiatric symptoms, indicating a significant synaptic pathology. Surprisingly, evidence suggests that key severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) host cell entry mediators angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are negligibly expressed in the human brain, complicating the understanding of neuropsychiatric pathomechanisms manifestations in COVID-19. Recent studies have suggested that an alternative host cell entry receptor, neuropilin-1 (NRP1), can mediate the entry of furin-cleaved SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins into host cells. However, the role of NRP1 and furin in mediating SARS-CoV-2 entry into human brain cells has been the least explored and remains a lacuna in the literature. Method: We performed an in silico analysis of the transcriptomic and proteomic expressions of SARS-CoV-2 host-cell entry receptors (ACE2 and NRP1) and associated tissue proteases (TMPRSS2 and furin) in human brain tissue using the publically available databases. Results: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were not detected in transcriptomic and proteomic expression analysis in any human brain regions. In contrast, transcriptomic and proteomic expressions of NRP1 and furin were detectable (N.X.? 1) across the human brain. The protein expressions of NRP1 and furin were observable in the brain tissue?s neuronal cells, neuropil, and glial cells. Conclusion: Based on the expression analysis and emerging evidence in the literature, we hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 entry in human brain cells may be mediated through NRP1 and furin. Furthermore, invivo, experimental evidence will be needed to prove this hypothesis.