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Activated carbon doping TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesised by zapota leaf extract using the co-precipitation method. The bio-constituents of plant compounds were used in the reactions of stabilization and reductions. The carbon loading on the TiO₂ nanoparticles was characterised by XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, SEM with EDX, and TEM analysis. The loading of activated carbon onto the TiO₂ nanoparticles decreased the crystallite size and optical bandgap, and their doping improved the surface structure of AC/TiO₂ nanoparticles. Mesoporous/microporous instability was remodified from the activated carbon, which was visualised using SEM and TEM analysis, respectively. The photocatalytic dye degradation of Rh-B dye was degraded in TiO₂ and AC/TiO₂ nanoparticles under visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiencies of TiO₂ and AC/TiO₂ nanoparticles were 73% and 91%, respectively. The bacterial abilities of TiO₂ and AC/TiO₂ nanoparticles were examined by <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>. The water reclamation efficiency and bactericidal effect of TiO₂ and AC/TiO₂ nanoparticles were examined via catalytic dye degradation and bacterial efficiency of activated carbon-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles.