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Coal mine production is a typical high-risk industry, and the emotional fluctuations of coal mine employees are neglected sources of danger. In order to effectively manage the coal mine employees’ unsafe emotion, the causes and induced mechanisms of unsafe emotion are analyzed. First, the complex system theory and multi-agent modeling method are used to establish coal mine employees’ unsafe emotion induction model. Second, we use the Netlogo simulation platform to dynamically simulate coal mine employees’ unsafe emotion induction process and the relationship between influencing factors. The research shows that individual psychological resilience level, social support level and event intervention strategies are negatively correlated with coal mine employees’ unsafe emotion, and unsafe affective events are positively correlated with coal mine employees’ unsafe emotion. Finally, from the three aspects of pre-job screening, employee psychological construction and safety atmosphere creation, suggestions for preventing unsafe emotion of coal mine employees are proposed.