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To broaden the database of fire equipment selection and provide the basis for its selection and optimization, a low specific speed centrifugal fire pump with a specific speed of 24.7 was selected as the research object, and the inlet and outlet pressure pulsation and cavitation characteristics under different flow rates were analyzed through experiments. Results show that the head of the fire pump under the design flow rate was 75.68 m, and the efficiency was 36.84%. The dominant frequency of the pressure pulsation in the inlet and outlet of the pump under different flow rates is 1 APF (axial passing frequency). The zero flow rate has no obvious peak distribution at 1 BPF (blade passing frequency). The secondary frequency of 1 BPF and the n times the harmonic frequency of 1 BPF are distributed in the outlet of the pump. The critical net positive suction head of the fire pump under 1.0  Q d and 1.5  Q d was 0.95 m and 2.38 m, respectively.