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Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has already become the golden standard prophylactic treatment for carotid artery stenosis and ischemic stroke in recent half century. The influence of selection between CEA and carotid artery stenting (CAS), changes in cognition after surgery, use of patch and shunt and gender difference on perioperative period and postoperative complications remains unclear. More prospective randomized controlled trials with big sample sizes are needed in the future.<br />doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.02.002<br />