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AIM: To explore the surgical intervention time in treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)combined with vitreous hemorrhage. <p>METHODS: Totally, 128 cases(177 eyes)with PDR combined with vitreous hemorrhage were investigated retrospectively. Patients with PDR were divided into Ⅳ group, Ⅴ group and Ⅵ group. Vitrectomy and laser treatment were applied. Surgical complications, anterior chamber inflammation, intraocular pressure 1 week after surgeries and restoration of vision 6 months after surgeries were observed and compared between groups. <p>RESULTS:Vision of all patients restored significantly after surgeries, but more significantly in Ⅳ group(<i>P</i><0.05); there were no significant differences of surgical complications, anterior chamber inflammation and intraocular pressure 1 week after surgeries in 3 groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Clinical effects could be improved significantly by surgical intervention at Ⅳ stage of PDR without increasing any surgical risks.