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Factorial analysis is a statistical technique designed to link a set of variables observed by a smaller number of latent dimensions. Factorial analysis is the method of explaining correlation relationships between two or more variables, in the case of quality, these variables being the quality characteristics of electrical equipment. The main idea on which the factorial analysis is based is that behind the quality characteristics (observable variables) there are latent variables (factors) that influence the dependent variables (output). Factors are linear combinations of the values of the quality characteristics, the coefficients of these linear combinations being called saturations or "loadings" of factors.