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Sugar allocation is based on the source-to-sink and intracellular transport between different organelles, and sugar transporters are usually involved in these processes. Tonoplast sugar transporters (TST) are responsible for transporting sugar into vacuoles; however, the role of TSTs in root growth and the response to abiotic stress is poorly studied. Here, RNA analysis and promoter-<i>β</i>-glucuronidase staining revealed that a melon TST1 gene (<i>CmTST1</i>) is highly expressed in the roots. The sugar feeding experiment results showed that the expression of <i>CmTST1</i> in the roots was induced by a relatively high level of sucrose (6%), glucose (3%), and fructose (3%). The ectopic overexpression of <i>CmTST1</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i> improved the root and shoot growth of seedlings under high exogenous sugar stress. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of <i>CmTST1</i> promoted the expression of plasma membrane-located sugar transporters. We proposed that CmTST1 plays a key role in importing sugar transport into the vacuoles of roots in response to metabolic demands to maintain cytosolic sugar homeostasis.