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In terms of population, the Republic of Estonia was the smallest country to gain independence after the First World War. While according to President Woodrow Wilsonâs policies, the United States was considered a supporter of small countries, gaining de jure recognition for Estonia from America was a complicated issue. This article analyses Estoniaâs struggle for recognition through the triangle of American-Bolshevik-Estonian relations during the years 1918â1921. In achieving recognition, economic rather than political or ideological arguments became decisive.