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Considering its vertical distribution characteristics, this article argues that the Lower Palaeozoic source rock in the Manjieer Sag is composed of three sets of source rocks of Middle-Lower Cambrian, Middle-Lower Ordovician, and Upper Ordovician. The source rock of the Middle-Lower Ordovician Heituwa Formation has similar sedimentary facies and developmental features to the Middle-Lower Cambrian source rock, and has abundant organic material. The Upper Ordovician source rock is poor and limited in distribution. The source rocks have different thermal evolution histories. In central and western Manjiaer sag, Middle-Lower Cambrian source rock entered oil generation peak in Late Caledonian and Early Hercynian, Middle-Lower Ordovician source rock in Late Hercynian, and Upper Ordovician source rock in Late Yanshan and Himalayan. The threefold division of the source rock is the foundation of detailed study on the derived source and the accumulation process of marine oil in Tarim platform area. Key words: Lower Palaeozoic, source rock, thermal evolution history, Manjiaer Sag, Tarim Basin