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We experimentally investigate the fast ( $\lt 1\,\mathrm{ps}$ ) isochoric heating of multi-layer metallic foils and subsequent high-pressure hydrodynamics induced by energetic electrons driven by high-intensity, high-contrast laser pulses. The early-time temperature profile inside the target is measured from the streaked optical pyrometry of the target rear side. This is further characterized from benchmarked simulations of the laser-target interaction and the fast electron transport. Despite a modest laser energy ( $\lt 1\,{\rm{J}}$ ), the early-time high pressures and associated gradients launch inwards a strong compression wave developing over $\gtrsim 10\,$ ps into a $\approx 140\,\mathrm{Mbar}$ blast wave, according to hydrodynamic simulations, consistent with our measurements. These experimental and numerical findings pave the way to a short-pulse-laser-based platform dedicated to high-energy-density physics studies.