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In order to effectively use the alkali hemicellulose waste liquid produced by recycled fiber and paper industry in the production process, and solve the problems of high cost, poor salt resistance and low gel strength, etc., the hemicellulose-g-AA/bentonite SIPN composite super absorbent resin modified by PVA is prepared by introducing PVA under the condition of microwave radiation, using hemicellulose, partially neutralized acrylic acid, and bentonite as raw materials, ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite as initiator, N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide as crosslinking agent. The structure and performance of the products are characterized and tested by FTIR, TG and SEM. The effects of the introduction of PVA and its synergy with clay on the resin network structure, the solution adsorption performance and water retention properties are investigated. The results show that introducing an appropriate amount of PVA on the basis of hemicellulose-g-AA/bentonite can effectively improve the resin network structure. When the mass fraction of PVA is 3%, the water absorption rate and brine absorption rate of the resin increase by 40.6% and 34.7%, the three-demensional net structure of modified resin is effectively improved, and it shows good solution absorbency and water retention properties. In the comprehensive utilization of cellulose, the use of hemicellulose waste lye to prepare super absorbent resin can change waste into valuable, with obvious economic and social benefits.