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Transverse Maxillary Deficiency is a common dental malocclusion that usually presents as constricted maxilla with both functional as well as esthetic effects on the individual suffering from it. Functional appliance can be used in children whose mid palatal suture has not ossified but adults required surgical approach such as surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion. We conducted a literature review of techniques of surgical rapid maxillary expansion, appliances commonly used for expansion and finally the complications associated with it postoperatively. Review of available literature was conducted using literature present in PubMed, Google scholar, ESCO and semantic scholar using the following keywords in combination such as “Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion”, Hyrax appliance” “Haas Appliance” and “Transverse Maxillary Deficiency”. Out of the 210 articles screened, 40 were included in this literature review. Presently, surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion is a treatment option for patients in their adulthood in which the mid-palatal suture has been closed. Expansion appliances such as Haas and Hyrax are used adjunctively with surgical modalities.