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Objective: Small cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor with the great aggravation that comprises 0.5 to 3 percent of cervical tumors and progresses rapidly with early lymphogenous and hematogenous metastases. Case report: We reported a 40 years old woman with cervical cancer in stage IB2 that had radical hysterectomy with mistaken diagnosis of squamous cervical cancer. The disease has progressed after 50 days of surgery with a 6 cm tumor in vaginal cuff; review of pathology demonstrated small cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma. Conclusion: Recognition of this separate histopathological entity with IHC analysis is important. Chemoradiotherapy and multimodality therapeutic approaches could improve the survival rates.