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Summary: Background: The frail older population is increasing rapidly. More understanding for the frail status and quality of life (QOL) among older adults is important. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The Fried Frailty Criteria (FFC), Barthel Index scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) were used as measurements for all participants. In total, 180 frail or pre-frail older adults were recruited and completed all questionnaires. Results: The slow working speed and weakness of grip strength were two significant FFC criteria for lower scores of QOL (t = 2.89, 2.41; p < 0.01, <0.05). The multiple regression model showed that the significant predictors of better total QOL mean scores were full scores of Barthel index, slow walking speed and better perceived happiness. The explanatory power of the regression model was 48.3%. Conclusion: More effective interventions, such as regular walking or rehabilitation program, are needed for frail older adults to facilitate full scores on the Barthel index, to improve their perception of happiness. Keywords: frailty, older adults, quality of life, the barthel index, fried frailty criteria