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Theoretically, a state’s regional development strategy represents that set of measures that are adopted and implemented by that state’s central and/or local institutions respectively together with other public or private factors that are directly interested, in order to ensure economic, social, cultural and territorial development, by efficient use of local and national resources. It has to be mentioned that a regional development strategy has as final purpose the reducing of economic, social, cultural and territorial disparities, respectively the realization of economic convergence. Taking into account the ideas presented above and Romania’s current context, as a member state of the European Union, in the present study we wanted to make an analysis on Romania’s regional development strategy, in correlation with the European Union’s cohesion policy, emphasizing the analysis of the eight development regions in Romania and the strategy development trends in programming period 2014-2020. Thus, we will try to highlight, in the present study, the aspects surveyed in Romania’s regional development strategy within period 2014-2020, that will contribute to the elimination or, at least, the decrease of those substantial economic, social, territorial disparities that exist among the internal regions in Romania and between Romania and other member states of the European Union.